1. What happens when an obese person is given with a lipophilic drug?
a) Drug aggregation will begin
b) He cannot absorb lipophilic drugs
c) High adipose tissue take up most of the lipophilic drug
d) A large amount of drug is needed as the person’s weight is more
Explanation: The high adipose tissue in the obese person take up a large fraction of the lipophilic drugs. Though the perfusion through it is low. The high fatty acid levels in obese person alter the binding characteristics of acidic drugs
2. What is the consequence of diet high in fats?
a) The patient can’t be given with acidic drugs
b) The patient can’t be given with basic drugs
c) The basic drugs will aggregate and become poisonous for him
d) The high fatty acid level affect the binding of acidic drugs
Explanation: High fatty diet leads to an increase in fatty acids in the patients’ blood. This affects the binding of acidic drugs to the plasma. Example drugs such as NSAIDs to albumin
3. The extent to which a drug is distributed is a tissue depends upon ___________ and _____________
a) The concentration of a drug, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
b) Tissue volume, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
c) Tissue surface area, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
d) Blood density upon the tissue, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
Explanation: The distribution of the drug in a tissue or organ depends upon the size of the tissue i.e. the volume of the tissue. And also depends upon the tissue/blood partition coefficient of a drug.
4. Which one of the following has a high perfusion rate?
a) Fat
b) Muscle and skin
c) Lungs and kidney
d) Bone
Explanation: High perfusion rate is seen in the organs such as lungs, kidneys, adrenals, liver, heart, brain. Moderate perfusion rate is in muscles and skin. Least perfusion rate is in fat and bones.
5. Which one of the following has very low perfusion rate?
a) Fat and bone
b) Muscle and skin
c) Lungs and kidney
d) Liver and Heart
Explanation: High perfusion rate is seen in the organs such as lungs, kidneys, adrenals, liver, heart, brain. The moderate perfusion rate is in muscles and skin. Least perfusion rate is in fat and bones
6. Infants have high albumin content.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Infants and elders have low albumin content in their body. Infants have high body water, high-fat content but less skeletal muscles
7. Disease state of a patient can influence drug distribution across the body.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Yes the statement is true since disease states can alter drug-protein binding, alter perfusion of the drug into any organ, and alter the pH of some tissue. In meningitis and encephalitis polar antibiotics gain access to BBB which don’t happen to a healthy person
8. In meningitis and encephalitis polar antibiotics gain access to BBB which don’t happen to a healthy person.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: In meningitis and encephalitis the Blood-brain barrier becomes more permeable. Thus polar antibiotics which couldn’t gain access to the brain of a healthy human being can easily pass the blood-brain barrier and gain access to the brain
9. Which one of the following bonds is not generally a bond through which a drug will bind in our body?
a) Hydrogen bond
b) Hydrophobic bond
c) Ionic bond
d) Covalent bond
Explanation: Covalent bonds are strong bonds. Drugs always bind through weak chemical bonds such as that of the hydrogen bond, hydrophobic bond, ionic bond, and van der Waal’s forces. These are reversible processes. Irreversible bonding i.e. covalent bonding arises the issue of toxicity or carcinogenicity.
10. Binding of drugs falls into 2 components those are _______________
a) Binding of drugs to blood components and to extravascular tissue
b) Binding of drugs to blood components and to other cells
c) Binding of drugs to cells and blood cells
d) Binding of drugs to blood components to bones and cells
Explanation: Binding of a drug is being categorized into 2 classes, 1st is the binding of a drug to blood components such as those of plasma protein and blood cells. 2nd is the binding of a drug to extravascular tissue, fats, bones.