1. Which drugs can easily pass the Placental barrier?
a) Drugs having a molecular weight less than 1000 Dalton
b) Moderate to high lipid solubility
c) Drugs having a molecular weight less than 1000 Dalton and moderate to high lipid solubility, analgesics, and antibiotics
d) Analgesics, antibiotics, etc
Explanation: Drugs having a molecular weight less than 1000deltons and drugs which are moderate to high lipophilic in nature can easily pass the placental barrier. For e.g. drugs such as ethanol, anesthetics, steroids, narcotic analgesics, and antibiotics, etc. can pass the placental barrier
2. What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
a) Restricts the passage of drug to the testis
b) Restricts the passage of drug to sperms
c) Restricts the passage of drugs to spermatocytes
d) Restricts the passage of drugs to spermatocytes and spermatids
Explanation: Blood-testis barrier is a tight junction between Sertoli cells located at the capillary endothelial level of the testis. It acts as the blood-testes barrier restricting drugs to spermatocytes and spermatids
3. What is the perfusion rate?
a) The total volume of blood
b) The volume of blood that flows through the heart per unit time
c) The volume of blood that flows per unit time per unit volume of tissue
d) The volume of tissue that flows per unit time per unit area of a blood vessel
Explanation: Perfusion rate is defined as the volume of blood that flows through the tissue per unit time per unit volume of the tissue. It is expressed in ml/min/ml of the tissue.
4. Placental barrier is more effective than the Blood-Brain Barrier.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Drugs having a molecular weight less than 1000 Dalton and moderate to high lipid solubility can pass through the placental barrier. Thus, this makes the placental barrier less effective the blood-brain barrier.
5. Blood-brain barrier is a lipoidal barrier.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Since the blood-brain barrier has a high oil-water partition coefficient. Thus, the blood-brain barrier is a lipoidal barrier. A highly lipid soluble drug can easily pass the barrier.
6. Lipophilic drugs of molecular weight range 50-600 Dalton can pass the cell membrane to reach intracellular fluid.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Drugs of size less than 50 Dalton can pass the cell membrane to reach intracellular fluid. Lipophilic drugs 50-600 Dalton and polar or ionized drugs of size less than 50 Dalton can pass the plasma membrane barrier.
7. Who has more intracellular and extracellular water more in their body?
a) Aged
b) Adults Of age more than 20
c) Infants
d) Children at puberty
Explanation: The total body water is the net content of water present in intracellular and extracellular of an animal body. The total body water in the case of a human being is more in an infant’s body.
8.Who has higher fat content?
a) Adults of age above 70
b) Adults of age more than 20
c) Infants and elders
d) Children at puberty
Explanation: Total fat content is the amount of fat in a person’s body. The total fat content is higher in infants and as well as elders.
9. Who has poorly developed BBB?
a) Infants
b) Adults Of age more than 20
c) Aged
d) Children at puberty
Explanation: Infants are newly born. Their BBB is poorly developed. The myelin content is low but the cerebral blood flow is very high. Thus leading to the high penetrating ability of the drugs into the brain of infants.
10. During pregnancy, drug distribution is more. Which of the following sentences describe the given fact better?
a) The baby needs more drug
b) The mother needs more drug due to high metabolism
c) The surface area increases in the mother’s body due to the presence of uterus, placenta, and foetus. Thus more area for distribution of drugs
d) The growth of the uterus, placenta, and foetus increases the volume thus increasing distribution. And even the baby forms a separate compartment for a drug to get distributed
Explanation: Pregnancy leads to the growth of uterus, placenta, and foetus increases the volume thus increasing distribution. And even the baby forms a separate compartment for the drug to get distributed. The plasma and the ECF volume also increase.