1. What are nucleotides?
a) Nitrogenous bases covalently bonded to triose sugar
b) Nitrogenous bases covalently bonded to quadrose sugar
c) Nitrogenous bases covalently bonded to pentose sugar
d) Nitrogenous bases covalently bonded to hexose sugar
Explanation: Nucleotides are nitrogenous bases covalently bonded topentose sugar. Example: in case of DNA, the sugar is ribose.
2. Which of the following is an incorrect difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
a) Eukaryotic cell has a cell wall while prokaryotic does not
b) Eukaryotic cell has less developed nucleus than prokaryotic cells
c) Prokaryotic cell can be aerobic while eukaryotic cell is mostly anaerobic
d) Prokaryotic cell does not have membrane bound organelles while eukaryotic cell has membrane bound organelles
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells can be anaerobic as well. Eukaryotes are mostly aerobic.
3. If the bioproduct mass is 113Kg and the impurities are 500g, what is the purity of the bioproduct?
a) 99.12%
b) 99.55%
c) 0.004%
d) 98.68%
Explanation: Bioproduct purity = Bioproduct mass/ (bioproduct mass + purity).
4. If the mass fed to the separation process was 460Kg and the mass recovered was 422Kg, what is the % yield?
a) 93.77%
b) 8.2%
c) 91,73 %
d) 9%
Explanation: Yield = Mass of bioproduct fed/ mass of bioproduct recovered.
5. What is the purpose of solute- solute separations and what are the species removed?
a) Purpose: clarify target species; Removes: culture media, fermentation broth
b) Purpose: extract target from cells; removes: small molecules, proteins
c) Purpose: Preserve target species ; Removes: Buffer solutions
d) Purpose: Fractionate target species; Removes: unrelated solutes ,small molecules.
Explanation: The solute -solute separations are used to fractionate target species and remove small molecules like lipids, proteins etc.
6. What is the purpose of fluid-solid separations and what are the species removed?
a) Purpose: clarify target species; Removes: culture media, fermentation broth
b) Purpose: extract target from cells; removes: small molecules, proteins
c) Purpose: Preserve target species ; Removes: Buffer solutions
d) Purpose: Fractionate target species; Removes: unrelated solutes ,small molecules.
Explanation: The purpose of the fluid solid separations is to remove culture media and clarify target species
7. Which of the following process is not employed to distinguish between contaminants and the product based on physiochemical features?
a) Filtration
b) Batch adsorption
c) Isoatachoporesis
d) Crystallization
Explanation: Crystallization is not based on physiochemical features.
8. What is the overall percentage yield for penicillin manufacturing?
a) 20%
b) 30%
c) 40%
d) 50%
Explanation: The yield is only 20% for starting materials
9. Which of the following is also a process for penicillin recovery?
a) Adsorption on activated carbon
b) Direct crystallization
c) Degumming
d) Distillation
Explanation: Penicillin can be recovered alternatively by adsorption on activated carbon
10. What is the use of batch electrophoresis in procedure of purification of bioproduct?
a) It gives high resolution carbohydrates
b) It purifies completely
c) It gives high resolution protein content
d) The targeted product is concentrated by batch electrophoresis
Explanation: Batch electrophoresis gives a high resolution of protein ingredients on a laboratory scale.