1. Certain natural processes interrupt the normal alpha waves. This process is called as alpha block or ________
a) disruption
b) beta introduction
c) asynchronization
d) desynchronization
Explanation: When the normal alpha waves are disrupted, the process is desynchronization. In this process, a beta wave gets introduced and persists for a while until the activity is ongoing.
2. Which of the following processes will cause desynchronization?
i. Thinking
ii. Snoring
iii Mathematical Calculation
iv. Eye opening after sleep
v. Sleeping
vi. Clapping
vii. Sneezing
a) iii, iv & vi
b) i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi & vii
c) i & iv
d) ii, vi, & vii
Explanation: Mathematical Calculation, Eye opening after sleep and Clapping are actions that gain our attention after a period of inattention. Thinking is a proper prolonged process and generates a long line of beta waves while calculations can be of short duration and so can cause desynchronization.
3. Sleep spindles are found __________ of the sleep.
a) first phase
b) second phase
c) third phase
d) fourth phase
Explanation: Sleep spindles are found in the second stage of sleep. According to sleep sciences, consciousness is classified by Rapid Eye movement (REM), Non – Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) and wakefulness. NREM is the stage of proper deep sleep and the sleep spindles along with Kappa Waves are observed in this period.
4. Abnormal sleep spindles can indicate _______
a) Cerebral Palsy
b) Meningitis
c) Epilepsy
d) Paralysis
Explanation: Scientists over long research have a reason to believe that sleep spindles are a way for the brain to convert short term memory into long term and therefore enhance learning. Often times, when the body does minute physical movement, sleep spindles are also generated. So, it is said that the body is learning in sleep. Thus, when sleep spindles of epileptic patients are seen, they show an abnormal trend.
5. Which wave can help point out the place of a brain tumor?
a) Alpha waves
b) Beta waves
c) Delta waves
d) Gamma waves
Explanation: Delta waves have a frequency of less than 4 Hz. When a person is at rest, they will normally give alpha waves whose lowest range is 8 Hz. Thus, if there is a tumor formation, we can assume that a tumour is blocking the signal and so the electrode at the specific region reads a delta wave instead of an alpha wave when even though the other parts of the brain is giving an alpha wave.
6. Narcolepsy is a condition in which a person has excessive sleepiness during daytime as they are unable to regulate their sleep cycle. It’s a neurological disorder and can be traced with the help of an EEG. What kind of EEG can be expected in this kind of disorder?
a) Alpha waves with short bursts of Beta waves
b) Alpha Waves with short burst of Gamma waves
c) Alpha Waves with short bursts of sleep spindles
d) Continuous alpha waves
Explanation: The brain normally gives alpha waves while deep sleep produces sleep spindles. When a person is suffering from narcolepsy they will have a deep burst of sleep which causes the sleep spindles to occur. Thus the presence of sleep spindles in the period of wakefulness can indicate narcolepsy.
7. An EEG for seizure is characterized by ___________
a) low amplitude, high frequency waves
b) high amplitude, low frequency waves
c) high amplitude, high frequency waves
d) low amplitude, low frequency waves
Explanation: When a seizure occurs, the EEG shoots, giving a high frequency high, amplitude output. This is because, during a seizure, the brain activity becomes extremely high that the signals are generated faster than they are processed and dispersed. Since the brain is not able to send out signals fast enough or rather the body is not able to act on the signals fast enough, shaking, trembling or other physical outlets may happen
8. What is the term used for portable EEG?
a) Travel EEG
b) Ambulatory EEG
c) Personalized EEG
d) Transport EEG
Explanation: Ambulatory EEG is the one in which a person wears an EEG cap where the receiving electrodes are placed. The machine is strapped to the waist of the person and a continuous monitoring of the EEG can be done. This is useful for those who need long monitoring for diagnosis and treatment. This provides portability and comfort to the patient.
9. What is a neuro-muscular disorder?
a) The nerves are damaged so they do not give proper impulses to the muscles
b) The muscles are damaged and so they are not able to act according to the impulses given by the nerves
c) The nerves are damaged so they do not give proper impulses to the muscles or the muscles are damaged and so they are not able to act according to the impulses given by the nerves
d) Nerves and muscles are both damaged
Explanation: Neuro-muscular disorders are those in which either the neurons or the skeletal muscles have faced some sort of injury or damage and the effect of that is seen in the skeletal muscles or neurons. For eg, the nerve is able to conduct impulses but due to damaged skeletal muscles, they are not able to respond to the impulses.
10. Which of them is a neurological disorder which is expressed muscularly?
a) Paralysis
b) Muscular Dystrophy
c) Dementia
d) Alzheimer’s
Explanation: In paralysis, the muscles are functioning normally but the nerves are unable to conduct the impulses. If the neurons are not treated, the muscles lose their tone over time and become stiff. In that situation, the muscles have also been damaged.