Construction Materials MCQ - Types of Foundation & Special Foundations

1. Identify the given type of foundation below.
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a) Combine footing
b) Grillage footing
c) Strap footing
d) Wall footing

  Discussion

Answer: c
Explanation: A strap putting comprises of two or more footings of individual columns, connected by a beam, called as a strap. The function of the strap been is to transfer a load of heavily loaded outer column to the inner one.

2. Identify the type of foundation below.
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a) Compaction pile
b) Anchor pile
c) End bearing pile
d) Sheet pile

  Discussion

Answer: c
Explanation: End bearing pile is used to transfer load through water or soft soil to a suitable bearing stratum. Such types of foundations are used in clay soil or marshy soil.

3. Identify the given type of foundation below.
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a) Fender pile
b) Batter pile
c) Tension pile
d) Friction pile

  Discussion

Answer: d
Explanation: Friction pile are used to transfer loads to a depth of a friction load carrying Material by means of skin friction along the length of piles. Such Foundation is used where hard Strata is not available to a certain depth below the soil.

4. ________ foundation is provided for heavily loaded Timber column or masonry wall.
a) Steel grillage
b) Timber grillage
c) Raft
d) Inverted arch

  Discussion

Answer: b
Explanation: Timber Grillage Foundation uses Timber planks and Timber beams in the place of Steel joists. This Foundation is specially useful in waterlogged areas where the bearing power of soil is very low.

5. In the case of waterlogged area, the loading on the soil is limited to __________ KN/m2.
a) 10-20
b) 160-200
c) 600-800
d) 50-60

  Discussion

Answer: d
Explanation: Water logged areas have very low bearing capacity of soil. Hands to overcome this we cannot use steel beams which may get corroded due to subsoil water therefore Timber grillage Foundation is preferred.

6. A _________ foundation is a special type of isolated footing, generally provided for heavy loaded steel structure specially in those location where bearing of soil is poor.
a) Raft
b) Grillage
c) Inverted arch
d) Combine

  Discussion

Answer: b
Explanation: Grillage Foundation is very useful where bearing of soil is poor. The depth of foundation is limited from 1 m to 1.5 m. The load of column is distributed or spread to a very large area by means of layers of joists.

7. _____________ is the method of increasing the bearing power of soil when load coming on the soil is practically uniform.
a) Grillage Foundation
b) Raft foundation
c) Inverted arch foundation
d) Mat foundation

  Discussion

Answer: b
Explanation: The raft is design as an inverted RCC roof with uniformly distributed load of soil pressure and supported by walls, beams and columns. This method consists of providing and RCC slab of suitable thickness and with necessary reinforcement with help in increasing the bearing power of soil.

8. _______ consist of constructing the inverted arches between the piers.
a) Grillage foundation
b) Raft foundation
c) Inverted arch foundation
d) Combine foundation

  Discussion

Answer: c
Explanation: The inverted arch should be set in cement mortar. The rise of the inverted arch is about 1/5th to 1/10th of the span and the inverted arch is invariably built in half brick rings.

9. _________ foundation is suitable for the structures such as bridges, reservoirs, supports for drainage lines, tanks, etc.
a) Raft
b) Inverted arch
c) Grillage
d) Stepped

  Discussion

Answer: b
Explanation: Inverted arch foundation is a method of spreading the weight over a large area is not common for the construction of foundations of buildings. Hence this method is applicable for the structures of large projects like bridges.

10. The ________ foundations are useful for public buildings, office buildings, School buildings, residential quarters, etc.
a) Raft
b) Grillage
c) Inverted arch
d) Concentrated

  Discussion

Answer: a
Explanation: Raft foundation is the method of increasing the bearing power of soil becomes useful especially when there is a large number of openings on ground floor in a structure.