1. A _________ is a projecting stone which is usually provided to serve as support for roof truss, beam, weather shed, etc.
a) Course
b) Cornice
c) Corbel
d) Coping
Explanation: The Corbel are generally moulded and give an ornamental treatment. The Corbels should extend at least two-third of their length into the wall.
2.Stones which are placed at regular interval right across the wall are known as _______
a) Spalls
b) Through stones
c) Reveals
d) Springer
Explanation: If the wall is considerably thick, two through stones with overlap are provided. The area covered by the throw stones should be about one-fourth to one-half of the area of the wall surface.
3. The external corners angles of your wall surface are called the ______
a) Bond
b) Reveals
c) Jambs
d) Quoins
Explanation: The Quoin stones are selected from large and sound stones and their beds are properly dressed. The stones or bricks forming the quion are known as the quoin stones or quoin bricks.
4.The sites of the opening such as doors, windows, etc. are known as the ______ and they are constructed similar to quoins.
a) Jambs
b) Spalls
c) Through stones
d) Stooling
Explanation: The Jambs maybe either plain or square or rebated. The splayed Jambs are preferred as they allow the shutters to open up at an obtuse angle and thus permit more light and air into the room.
5. The projecting course from an arch or Window head is known as a _____
a) Apex
b) Skew Corbel
c) Kneeler
d) Label
Explanation: Label is usually moulded and is sometimes known as a drip stone. Whereas, the coping provided at the summit of a gable wall is known as an Apex or Summit stone.
6. The horizontal stones provided at the top of openings of Doors, Windows, etc. are known as the _______
a) Reveals
b) Heads
c) Springer
d) Sill
Explanation: In case of Heads or Lintels, a bearing of 150 mm to 200 mm should be given on either side of the opening. Whereas, the exposed vertical surface at right angles to the door or Window frames are known as the Reveals.
7. _________ is an igneous rock used for rubble masonry, road metal, foundation work, etc.
a) Basalt
b) Granite
c) Laterite
d) Kankar
Explanation: Basalt and trap are hard and tough igneous stones which is difficult to work. Its specific gravity is 3 and compressive strength varies from 150 to 185 Newton per mm square. Its weight varies from 18 to 29 kN per metre cube
8. ________ is a metamorphic rock which is used in street paving, rough stone masonry work, etc.
a) Granite
b) Gneiss
c) Marble
d) Sandstone
Explanation: Gneiss splits into themes labs and it is easy to work. Its specific gravity is 2.69 and compressive strength is 206 Newton per mm square. It is mostly found in Madras, Bihar, Maharashtra, Bengal, Kerala and Gujarat
9. _______ is a pure white limestone and which is soft and easy to form powder.
a) Chalk
b) Sandstone
c) Murum
d) Slate
Explanation: Chalk is a sedimentary rock that is used in preparing glazier’s putty, also used as colouring material in manufacture of Portland cement. It is mostly found in Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Punjab, Gujarat, Andaman Islands and Himachal Pradesh.
10. _________ is an Igneous rock with compressive strength varies from 75 to 127 Newton per mm square and its weight is about 26 to 27 kN per metre cube.
a) Basalt
b) Granite
c) Marble
d) Slate
Explanation: Granite is hard, durable and available in different colours, highly resistant to natural forces and can take nice polish. It is used in steps, sills, facing work on walls, Bridge piers, columns, Road metals, ballast, etc. It is unsuitable for carving.