1. The effective height of a wall of actual height H when it is supported by free-standing non-load bearing members is __________
a) 0.85H
b) 0.75H
c) 1.00H
d) 2.00H
Explanation: The effective height of a wall of actual height H when it is supported by free-standing non-load bearing members is 2.00H. Non-load bearing members are those which can carry their own weight only. They do not carry any superimposed loads.
2. Effective height of a masonry wall is calculated using equation h = ρH where ρ represents __________
a) Reduction factor
b) Expansion factor
c) Slenderness ratio
d) Basic compressive stress
Explanation: Effective height of a masonry wall is calculated using equation h = ρH. In this equation, h represents the effective height, H represents the actual height of the wall and ρ represents the reduction factor.
3. The effective height of a column is ________ the actual height for the direction when it is not laterally supported.
a) Equal
b) Twice
c) Thrice
d) Four times
Explanation: The effective height of a column is twice the actual height for the direction it is not laterally supported. However, the effective height of a column is equal to the actual height for the direction it is laterally supported.
4. L is the length measured between _________ of piers.
a) Ends
b) Centers
c) Edges
d) Faces
Explanation: Actual length of a wall is denoted by L whereas effective length is denoted by l. Actual length (L) is the length which is measured between the centers of piers.
5. Effective length of a wall supported by a buttress at each end is ________
a) 0.8L
b) 1.0L
c) 1.5L
d) 2.0L
Explanation: Effective length of a wall supported by a buttress at each end is 1.0L where L is the actual length of the wall. Effective length of a wall varies with the variations in the conditions of support.
6. Effective length of a wall when it is supported by a buttress only at one end is __________
a) 1.5L
b) 1.0L
c) 0.5L
d) 2.0L
Explanation: Effective length of a wall when it is supported by a buttress only at one end is 1.5L where L is the actual length of the wall. In this case, the wall is free at the other end. The support can be provided by a cross-wall also instead of a buttress.
7. Effective thickness of masonry is reduced if the eccentricity ratio exceeds ___________
a) 1/2
b) 1/3
c) 1/5
d) 1/6
Explanation: Effective thickness of masonry is reduced if the eccentricity ratio exceeds 1/6. When the eccentricity ratio exceeds 1/6, it results in the tension on one side of the member which reduces the effective thickness.
8.The effective thickness should be _________ of the sum of actual thicknesses of the two skins of a cavity wall if both the skins have uniform thickness throughout.
a) One-fourth
b) Half
c) Two-thirds
d) One-third
Explanation: The effective thickness should be two-thirds of the sum of the actual thicknesses of the two skins of a cavity wall. This is applicable only if both the skins or leaves of the cavity wall are of uniform thickness throughout.
9. The effective thickness of a __________ column is equal to the actual thickness.
a) Square
b) Rectangular
c) Circular
d) Trapezoidal
Explanation: The effective thickness of a rectangular column is equal to the actual thickness. The effective thickness for non-rectangular columns is calculated by multiplying the thickness of the square column with the moment of inertia.
10. Effective length of a continuous wall supported by piers is ___________
a) 0.8L
b) 1.0L
c) 1.5L
d) 2.0L
Explanation: Effective length of a continuous wall supported by piers is 0.8L. The support can be provided by buttresses or cross-walls as well. However, when a wall is supported at both its ends, then the effective length becomes 1.0L.