1. What is a small region with definite thickness and distinct composition having numerous closely placed parallel fractures called?
a) Shear zone
b) Fault zone
c) Fracture zone
d) Slikensides
Explanation: Fault zone is a small region with definite thickness and distinct composition having numerous closely placed parallel fractures within itself along which there have been clear displacements.
2. What is the nature of displacement in shear zone?
a) Ductile
b) Brittle
c) Malleable
d) Sonorous
Explanation: The displacements in shear zones are generally ductile in nature compared to brittle fracturing in simple faults or fault zones.
3. Slip is expressed in terms of ___________
a) Millimetres
b) Metres
c) Kilometres
d) All the three
Explanation: The slip is defined as a relative displacement of any points that were formerly contiguous to each other, as measured along the fault plane. It may be expressed in millimetres, metres or even kilometres.
4. The type of slip not considered for study is ___________
a) Strike slip
b) Dip slip
c) Hade slip
d) Oblique slip
Explanation: The slip is further distinguished on the basis of the direction of displacement with respect to the fault as dip-slip, strike-slip or oblique slip. Hade slip is not one such.
5. What is the vertical component of dip separation called?
a) Offset
b) Throw
c) Heave
d) Strike gap
Explanation: Throw is the vertical component of the dip separation measured in the direction perpendicular to the strike of the fault in a vertical plane.
6. Which type of classification emphasises on appearance?
a) Based on direction of slip
b) Based on apparent movement
c) Based on mode of occurrence
d) Based on amount of dip of the fault
Explanation: The emphasis in the case of faults based on apparent movement as basis is only on appearance because actually it may require to be established which of the two parts, hanging wall and the foot wall, has moved during faulting and by how much.
7. Type of fault not considered under apparent movement as basis is ___________
a) Normal fault
b) Reverse fault
c) Hinge fault
d) Strike fault
Explanation: The various faults under apparent movement as basis are, normal faults, reverse faults, hinge faults and strike-slip faults. Strike faults is not studied under this basis.
8. Fault in which hanging wall has apparently moved down with respect to foot wall is ___________
a) Normal fault
b) Reverse fault
c) Strike-slip fault
d) Hinge fault
Explanation: Normal fault is a fault in which hanging wall has apparently moved down with respect to foot wall.
9. What do the normal faults cause to the crust of the Earth?
a) Shortening of crest
b) Cracking of crest
c) Extension in the crust
d) Strengthening of crust
Explanation: Due to the inclines nature of the fault plane and downward displacement of a part of the strata, normal faults cause an extension in the crust wherever they occur.
10. It can be with certainty whether it was the hanging wall which moved down or the foot wall which moved up.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Nothing can be said with certainty whether it was the hanging wall which moved down or the foot wall which moved up or both the walls moved down, the hanging wall moving more than the foot wall and hence the appearance.