1. Shiio and Sano (1969) investigated the use of prototrophic revertants of __________ for lysine production.
a) C. glutamicum
b) B. flavum
c) S. cerevisiae
d) S. typhi
Explanation: Shiio and Sano (1969) investigated the use of prototrophic revertants of Brevibacterium flavum for lysine production. Lysine is an amino acid useful in the prevention of cold sores.
2. Which of the following is the analogue of valine?
a) Isoleucine
b) Trifluoroleucine
c) Leucine
d) Cephamycin
Explanation: The analogue of valine is trifluoroleucine. The mutants of Streptomyces lipmanni were resistant to trifluoroleucine. Here, Cephamycin is an antibiotic that mainly fights against gram-negative bacteria.
3. Which of the following secondary metabolites does not prevent the synthesis of its own?
a) Chloramphenicol
b) Puromycin
c) Penicillin
d) Streptomycin
Explanation: The secondary metabolites which prevent the synthesis of its own are chloramphenicol, aurodox, puromycin, penicillin, fungicidin, candihexin, etc.
4. Which of the following organism(s) strain can be improved by parasexual cycle?
a) A. niger
b) P. chrysogenum
c) A. nidulans
d) B. flavum
Explanation: The parasexual cycle is used to improve the strain of fungi like A. niger. It is not a useful method for improvement of bacterial strains. They are gram-positive bacterial organisms found in soil.
5. In which of the following technique the genome is transferred from one organism to another?
a) Protoplast fusion
b) rDNA technology
c) Induced mutations
d) Conjugation
Explanation: Protoplast fusion is a technique where the whole genome is transferred from one organism to another one. rDNA is the fusion of DNA using specific enzyme. Induced mutations are the changes in base pairs of DNA. Conjugation is the transfer of genetic material.
6. Which of the following cannot induce mutations?
a) X-rays
b) Gamma rays
c) Bromine
d) Chlorine
Explanation: The agents which cause mutation are called mutagens. Some of the mutagens are X-rays, Gamma rays, Bromine, UV radiation, etc. Chlorine is not a mutagen.
7. Which of the following is a type of mutation?
a) Point mutations
b) Frameshift mutations
c) Sense mutation
d) Missense mutations
Explanation: The mutations are the change in base pair of a DNA sequence. Point mutations, Frameshift mutations, Missense mutations, Insertion, Deletion, etc.
8. Which of the following strain is useful for diabetes treatment?
a) Interferon
b) Insulin
c) Interleukin
d) Glucagon
Explanation: Diabetes is a condition where the glucose level in our blood increases. To treat this, Insulin protein is used. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
9. Which of the following is not a criterion to create a media?
a) It should be able to produce the maximum yield of product
b) It should be able to produce the maximum concentration of product
c) It should be easily sterilized
d) It should permit the maximum rate of product formation, no matter how costly it is
Explanation: The medium should permit the maximum rate of product formation and it should be cheap and easily available throughout the year. It should be able to produce high yield and high concentration of the desired product.
10. Which of the following is absent in fermentation media?
a) Carbon
b) Nitrogen
c) Agar
d) Water
Explanation: The fermentation media consists of carbon sources, nitrogen sources, water, minerals, antifoams, buffers, chelating agents, etc. Agar is the constituent of the nutrient media of the Petri plate.