1. Hybridoma technology is used in the production of __________
a) Polyclonal Antibodies
b) Antigens
c) Monoclonal Antibodies
d) Insulin
Explanation: Hybridoma Technology is used in the production of Monoclonal Antibodies. They are also called as Identical antibodies as they are made by identical immune cells.
2. Which scientist(s) demonstrated the growth of Chinese Hamster cells in protein-free media?
a) Hamilton and Ham
b) Plackett and Burman
c) Stowe and Mayer
d) Bull and Hicks
Explanation: Hamilton and Ham in 1977 demonstrated the growth of Chinese Hamster cell lines in a protein-free media formulated from vitamins, amino acids, etc.
3. Which of the following is not a trace element?
a) Ag
b) Al
c) Ni
d) He
Explanation: He is not a trace element as it is a noble gas. The trace elements include Ag, Al, Ni, Si, Sn, etc. which are required in small amounts to microorganism
4. Hepes is a horse serum
a) true
b) false
Explanation: Hepes (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) is a zwitterionic chemical buffer which is also useful in cell culture. It is not a horse serum.
5. Which of the following provides a protective effect to animal cells?
a) Hepes
b) Pluronic F-28
c) β-mercaptoethanol
d) Albumin
Explanation: Pluronic F-28 provides a protective effect to animal cells in a stirred and sparged vessels. It is also used to suppress foam formation, i.e., also acts as antifoaming agents
6. Which of the following is an advantage of serum-free protein media?
a) Simple upstream processing
b) Undefined media composition
c) Simple downstream processing
d) Costly
Explanation: The advantage of serum-free protein is that it involves simple downstream processing because the protein content is reduced.
7. The role of the fermentation media is to provide a high amount of nutrients and optimum conditions for the growth of microorganisms.
a) true
b) false
Explanation: The role of the fermentation media is to provide a high amount of nutrients and optimum conditions so that the microorganisms enjoy luxurious metabolism.
8. Which of the following is downstream processing?
a) Cell breakdown
b) Media formulation
c) Product recovery
d) Product formation
Explanation: The downstream processing includes purification and recovery of products obtained from fermenters. It is used to manufacture antibiotics, antibodies, etc
9. Which of the following is not a type of sterilization?
a) Batch
b) Continuous
c) Filter
d) Submerged
Explanation: The types of sterilizations are Batch sterilization, Continuous sterilization, Filter sterilization. Submerged is a type of fermentation where microorganisms are grown in the liquid medium.
10. What do you mean by sterilization?
a) Purification of products
b) Recovery of products
c) Elimination of contamination
d) Formulation of media
Explanation: Sterilization is the process of removal of unwanted organisms like bacteria, fungi, etc. from the fermentation medium. Purification and recovery of products are part of downstream processing and formulation of media is the preparation of the fermentation media.