1. Which of the following is not a Carbon source?
a) Blackstrap molasses
b) Corn molasses
c) Beet molasses
d) Yeast extract
Explanation: The yeast extract is a nitrogen source. Blackstrap, corn, beet, hydrol molasses are the carbon sources. The carbon sources are very useful to the microorganisms for healthy metabolism and functioning.
2. Which of the following raw material is useful for the production of alcohol?
a) Waste liquor
b) Molasses
c) Starch
d) Alkanes
Explanation: The molasses-like blackstrap molasses, beet molasses, corn molasses are useful in the production of alcohol. Waste liquor, molasses, alkanes, etc. belong to the group of carbon sources.
3. The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between ______ and _______
a) amino acid and carboxylic acid
b) amino acid and reducing sugars
c) carboxylic acid and reducing sugar
d) carboxylic acid and carbonyl groups
Explanation: The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that gives the food its brown colour. Sometimes overheating might also lead to Maillard reaction, causing the depletion of nutrients in the fermentation media and discolouration.
4. Which of the following is the raw material for lactic acid and SCP production?
a) Fruit juices
b) Beet molasses
c) Cheese Whey
d) Hydrocarbons
Explanation: Cheese Whey is a type of carbon source which is raw material used for the production of lactic acid and Single Cell Protein. The coagulants like citric acid, lemon juice, etc are also added to cheese whey.
5. Sulphite waste liquor is obtained from ______?
a) Paper pulp industry
b) Wood industry
c) Liquor industry
d) Sulphur production
Explanation: Sulphite waste liquor is obtained from the paper pulp industry which is useful for the production of ethyl alcohol from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is the most important yeast for the production of alcohol.
6. Which of the following is used in Silage production?
a) Cheese Whey
b) Rice straw
c) Wood molasses
d) Cellulose
Explanation: Rice straw has been used as a fermentation medium in the production of silage, SCP, mushroom cultivation, etc. Rice straw is the vegetative part of the rice plant cut after harvesting. It is also used for the improvement of the soil.
7. Which of the following is not the class of vegetable oils?
a) Non-drying
b) Semi-drying
c) Drying
d) Heat-drying
Explanation: The vegetable oils are classified into 3 major classes- Non-drying, Semi-drying, Drying which are also called Oleic, Linoleic, Linolenic acid respectively. Heat-drying is not a part or class of vegetable oils.
8. Which of the following is not the constituent of Beet molasses?
a) Biotin
b) Thiamine
c) Inositol
d) Cobalamin
Explanation: Cobalamin is not present in Beet molasses. The Beet molasses consists of biotin, thiamine, inositol, pantothenic acid, etc. Cobalamin or Vitamin B12 is not the constituent of Beet molasses.
9. Torula utilis requires ______ and ______
a) Hexose and pentose
b) Hexose and pyranose
c) Pyranose and pentose
d) Ketose and fructose
Explanation: Torula utilis requires both hexoses and pentoses. Torula utilis cells are mostly required for animal feed. It belongs to the kingdom fungi and is the species of yeast.
10. Which of the following is a by-product after starch extraction from maize?
a) Blackstrap molasses
b) Hydrol molasses
c) Corn steep liquor
d) Beet molasses
Explanation: Corn steep liquor is a by-product after starch extraction from maize. It is also useful in alcohol production. It was used in the production of penicillin while culturing Penicillium.