1. Which of the following is the first step in Fermentation Technology?
a) Media Formulation
b) Isolation of microbes
c) Constructing of fermenter
d) Preservation of microbes
Explanation: The first step of Fermentation Technology is isolation and detection of microbes of interest by various methodologies. Crowded Plate, Auxanographic techniques are used in the detection and isolation of organisms.
2. Which of the following reactor is best for the production of vinegar?
a) Batch reactors
b) Fed-Batch reactors
c) Continuous reactors
d) Submerged reactors
Explanation: The Fed-Batch reactor is useful in the production of vinegar because the fed-batch culture can maintain low ethanol concentrations.
3. Which of the following is not a non-essential mineral?
a) Molybdenum
b) Iron
c) Calcium
d) Cobalt
Explanation: Calcium is used as an essential mineral in the fermentation media whereas iron, molybdenum, cobalt, etc. are non-essential media.
4. When more than five variables are to be accessed ______________ design can be used.
a) Stowe-Mayer
b) Greasham-Inamine
c) Bull-Hicks
d) Plackett-Burman
Explanation: When more than five variables are to be investigated, the Plackett-Burman design can be used to find the most important variables in the system.
5. The Plackett-Burman method allows the investigation of ________ variables by _____ experiments.
a) x-2, x
b) x-1, x
c) x, x-1
d) x, x-2
Explanation: The Plackett-Burman method allows the investigation of x-1 variables by x experiments, where x must be the multiple of 4. Suppose there are 11 experiments then it allows 10 variables to be assessed.
6. What do H and L denote in Plackett-Burman method?.
a) Height and Length
b) High and Low
c) Half and Life
d) Hearing and Listening
Explanation: The H and L in Plackett-Burman method denote High-level value and low-level value of variables in the trials. The high and low values are the values of variables.
7. Who initiated the development of serum-free media?
a) Sato
b) Barnes
c) Ham
d) Glassy
Explanation: The development of serum-free media was initiated by Ham in 1965 who tried to reduce the amount of serum in media. Serum-free media contains substances that promote cell adherence, growth factors and etc.
8. Animal cells are used for the production of _____________
a) Interferons
b) Albumin
c) Collagen
d) Protein-free media
Explanation: The animal cells are used in the production of Interferons, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccine, and serum-free media. Interferons are produced by a few cells which trigger the immune response.
9. What is the cost of foetal calf serum
a) US$ 170 dm-3
b) US$ 190 dm-3
c) US$ 195 dm-3
d) US$ 185 dm-3
Explanation: The cost of foetal calf serum is US$ 190 dm-3 in Europe. This makes serum-free media more attractive and economic and cheaper way of carrying out the fermentation.
10. Which of the following is not the replacement in serum-free media?
a) Insulin
b) Albumin
c) Antibody
d) Transferrin
Explanation: The important replacements in serum-free media are Insulin, Albumin, Transferrin, Ethanolamine, Selenium, and β-mercaptoethanol.