1. Select the total number of correct matching.
(1) JGA → Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
(2) GFR → Glomerular Filtration Rate
(3) PCT → Proximal Conducting Tube
(4) DCT → Distal Convoluted Tubule
(5) CD → Conducting Duct
(6) ADH → Antidiuretic Hormone
a) 5
b) 6
c) 4
d) 2
Explanation: 4
2. JGA is formed by
a) Part of DCT
b) Part of afferent arteriole
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Explanation: Both (a) and (b)
3. Following are the points of mechanism of JGA. Arrange them accordingly.
(A) Activation of JG cells
(B) Activated JG cells release renin
(C) Fall in GFR
(D) Increase of glomerular blood flow
(E) GFR back to normal
a) E, A, D, C, B
b) C, A, B, D, E
c) A, B, C, D, E
d) C, A, D, B, E
Explanation: C, A, B, D, E
4. Nearly how much percent of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules?
a) 70–80%
b) 85%
c) 99%
d) 90%
Explanation: 99%
5.Choose the correct statement about absorption in renal tubules from the following:
a) Glucose, amino acids and Na+ reabsorbed actively.
b) Nitrogenous waste are absorbed by passive transport.
c) 70–80 per cent of electrolyte and water are absorbed in PCT.
d) All the above
Explanation: All the above
6. Tubular secretion helps in
a) Ionic balance of body fluid
b) Acid base balance of body fluid
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Explanation: Both (a) and (b)
7. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about filtration?
a) Selective process
b) Non-selective process
c) Performed by glomerulus
d) It occurs through the usage of capillary (glomerulus) blood pressure
Explanation: Selective process
8. Which of the following is incorrect about PCT?
a) Lined with simple cuboidal brush border epithelium.
b) All essential nutrient and 70 to 80 per cent of the electrolyte and water are reabsorbed here.
c) It helps in the PH maintenance of body fluid by the selective secretion of H+ ion and by
the absorption of \[HCO_3^-\].
d) It does not help in the maintenance of ionic balance of body fluid.
Explanation: "It does not help in the maintenance of ionic balance of body fluid". This is incorrect about PCT.
9. Which of the following part has minimum reabsorption?
a) PCT
b) HL
c) DCT
d) Collecting duct
Explanation: HL part has minimum reabsorption
10. Select the total number of correct statements about the loop of Henle.
(1) Descending limb is permeable to water.
(2) Descending limb is almost impermeable to electrolyte.
(3) Ascending limb is impermeable to water.
(4) It allows the transport of electrolyte only actively.
(5) At the tip of loop of Henle, the concentration of filtrate is 1200 m osmol/l.
(6) It helps in the maintenance of high osmolarity in medullary interstitium.
a) 6
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Explanation: 5