1. Which are the major sources of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions?
a) HHP
b) HWC
c) HEW
d) HSD
Explanation: EPA has identified HWCs as major sources of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions. These standards implement section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) by requiring hazardous waste combustors to meet HAP emission standards reflecting the performance of the maximum achievable control technology (MACT).
2. EPA announced updates to New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) to reduce emissions of __________ landfill gas.
a) Sulphur-rich
b) Methane-rich
c) Carbon-rich
d) Hydrogen-rich
Explanation: On August 29, 2016, EPA announced final updates to its New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) to reduce emissions of methane-rich landfill gas from new, modified and reconstructed municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills.
3. Site remediation subject to final rule which is required to control emissions of organic HAP by application of _________
a) MACT
b) MCAT
c) RCRA
d) CERCLA
Explanation: Site remediation is subjected to the final rule which are required to control emissions of organic HAP by meeting emissions limitations and work practice standards reflecting the application of maximum achievable control technology (MACT).
4. What was the first federal legislation involving air pollution?
a) APCA 1975
b) APCA 1935
c) APCA 1955
d) APCA 1970
Explanation: The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 was the first federal legislation involving air pollution. This Act provided funds for federal research in air pollution.
5. __________ legally approved the establishment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
a) CAA 1950
b) CAA 1960
c) CAA 1970
d) CAA 1980
Explanation: Clean Air Act 1970 set requirements for State Implementation Plans to attain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards and it also authorized the set-up of New Source Performance Standards for new as well as modified stationary sources to reduce the impact on the environment and as well as human health
6. The Clean Water Act (CWA) regulates __________
a) Discharge of pollutants into the waters of the United States
b) Discharge of pollutants into the waters of the United Kingdom
c) Discharge of pollutants into the air of the United States
d) Discharge of pollutants into the waters of India
Explanation: Under the CWA, EPA has implemented pollution control programs, such as setting wastewater standards for industry and water quality standards for all contaminants in surface waters.
7. Section __________ of CWA regulates discharges of hazardous substances.
a) 311(b)(2)(B)
b) 311(b)(2)(A)
c) 312(b)(2)(A)
d) 311(b)(1)(A)
Explanation: Section 311(b)(2)(A) of CWA regulates discharges of hazardous substances, which also includes formaldehyde. The list of designated hazardous substances is found at 40 CFR 116.4.
8. The CWA made it unlawful to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained.
a) true
b) false
Explanation: EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls discharges. Industrial, municipal, and other facilities must obtain permits if their discharges go directly to surface waters.
9. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 was the first major U.S. law to address water pollution.
a) 1945
b) 1946
c) 1947
d) 1948
Explanation: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 grew public awareness and concern for controlling water pollution led to sweeping amendments in 1972.
10. The Air Quality Act of 1967 initiated in areas subject to interstate air pollution transport.
a) true
b) false
Explanation: The Air Quality Act of 1967 authorized expanded studies of air pollutant emission inventories, ambient monitoring techniques, and control techniques.