1. For the generation of electricity, which source is used largely throughout the world?
a) coal
b) hydro power
c) wood
d) solar energy
Explanation: Coal is the most used resource to generate electricity. Nearly 92% of the coal is used to produce electricity. The other resources like hydro power and solar energy are also used but in small amounts.
2. The formation of coal is explained by ________
a) ex-situ theory
b) in-situ theory
c) molecular theory
d) nuclear theory
Explanation: The in-situ theory explains the formation of coal. It is also explained by drift theory. According to in-situ theory, the coal is formed only at the places where vegetation grew.
3. Which of the following process is correct in the process of conversion of wood into coal?
a) wood → peat → lignite → bituminous coal
b) peat → wood → lignite → bituminous coal
c) lignite → peat → wood → bituminous coal
d) wood → lignite → peat → bituminous coal
Explanation: The wood is converted into coal steps wise. It is in the order of wood →peat →lignite →bituminous coal. The bituminous coal is later converted into anthracite or graphite.
4. What are the main applications of lignite?
a) domestic fuel
b) railway engines
c) used for steam generation in thermal power plant
d) in vehicles
Explanation: In thermal power plants steam is produced using lignite. It is also used to produce the producer gas. The calorific value of lignite is 6500-7100.
5. Lignite is also called as __________
a) black coal
b) brown coal
c) char coal
d) crude oil
Explanation: Lignite is also called as brown coal. Char coal is used for domestic purposes and it is different from lignite.
6. Which of the following fuels has the highest calorific value?
a) lignite
b) wood
c) bituminous
d) anthracite
Explanation: Anthracite has the calorific value 8650-8700k.cal/kg as the highest one. The calorific values of the others are as follows:
Wood-4000-4500k.cal/kg
Bituminous-8000-8500k.cal/kg
Lignite-6500-7100k.cal/kg.
7. Paraffins are obtained by ______ process from petroleum.
a) fractional distillation
b) sedimentation
c) filtration
d) fermentation
Explanation: Fractional distillation is the process in which the petroleum is refined and in this process at every stage there will some bi-product and at a certain stage paraffins are obtained in this process. Fermentation is used to produce the alcohol and filtration is the process of removing impurities.
8. Paraffins are mostly used as _______
a) dye
b) lubricant
c) catalyst
d) coolent
Explanation: Paraffins are used as lubricant as it is having oily nature. Coolent is the substance which is used to cool down the system. In nuclear reactor water is used as coolent. Aniline is the example of dye.
9. Liquid paraffin is used as ________
a) Dye
b) Medical purposes
c) Inhibitor
d) Catalyst
Explanation: The liquid paraffins are used for medical purposes. They are mainly used in ointments and gel type medicines.Inhibitor means negative catalyst.
10. What is the general formula for Naphthenes?
a) CnH2n+2
b) CnH2n
c) CnH2n-6
d) CnH2n-2
Explanation: The general formula for Naphthenes is CnH2n. The general formula for paraffins CnH2n+2. The general formula for aromatics is CnH2n-6.