1. The saponification value of vegetable oil is _______
a) Very high
b) Very low
c) Moderate
d) Cannot be determined
Explanation: The saponification of vegetable oil and animal oil is very high. They are very high because it is difficult to hydrolyse them and require more amount of alkali for hydrolysis.
2. The different properties of the soaps is due to the ___________
a) Nature of alkali
b) Nature of the oil
c) Temperature variance
d) Nature of the fats
Explanation: The nature of alkali decides the properties of the soap. The main characteristics of soap can be determined by nature of alkali used in the hydrolysis of the soap.
3. Hard soaps can be formed by using __________
a) Kcl
b) Nacl
c) KOH
d) NaOH
Explanation: The hard soaps are formed by using the sodium hydroxide. The potassium hydroxide is used to produce soft soaps. Hard soaps can give the lather even with hard water.
4. The mixtures derived from the diverse fatty acids are _________
a) Glycerides
b) Bi glycerides
c) Triglycerides
d) Polyglycerides
Explanation: The mixtures derived from the diverse fatty acids are called triglycerides. They are otherwise called as tri-esters. They can be converted into soaps very easily by one or two steps.
5. What is the acid value of the groundnut oil?
a) 0.2-8.0
b) 0.4-0.8
c) 10.0-35.2
d) 0.4-2.2
Explanation: The acid value of the groundnut oil is 0.2-8.0. Castor oil has the acid value of 0.4-0.8. Coconut oil is having a high acid value that is about 10.0-35.2.
6. What is the saponification oil of coconut oil?
a) 194-196
b) 201-203
c) 253-260
d) 194-197
Explanation: The saponification value of the coconut oil is very high because it has very high acid value. The saponification value of the coconut is 253-203. The more acid value is the high the saponification value.
7. Which of the following has no acid value?
a) Cotton seed oil
b) Rape seed oil
c) Whale oil
d) Hard oil
Explanation: Hard oil has no acid value. Cotton seed oil has the acid value of 194-195. Rape seed oil has low acid value that is about 1.4-4.0. The whale oil has the acidic value of 0.3-51.4.
8. The saponification value of the hard oil is _________
a) 192-198
b) 194-195
c) 194-196
d) 190-191
Explanation: The saponification value of the hard oil is 192-198. Though it has no acid value it has saponification value. 194-195 is the saponification value of the cotton seed oil. Groundnut oil and whale oil has the saponification values of 194-196 and 190-191 respectively.
9. Triglyceride reacts with glycerol to form _________
a) Sodium of fatty acid
b) Potassium of fatty acid
c) Magnesium of fatty acid
d) Chlorides of fatty acids
Explanation: Triglyceride reacts with glycerol to produce the potassium of fatty acids. The potassium of fatty acids are called as soaps. Mainly alkyl groups of triglycerides and glycerol are made to react.
10. In determination of saponification value of the oil reaction _______ is unreacted.
a) NaOH
b) Nacl
c) KOH
d) Kcl
Explanation: In determination of the saponification value of the oil reaction, KOH is unreacted. The KOH is used as the catalyst and it remains unreacted and then titrated with standard acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator.