1.The thyroid cartilage has a posterior margin that forms superior and inferior horns.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: The posterior border of each lamina is prolonged upward and downward to form 2 projections, the superior horn and the inferior horn. The superior horns point upwards and backwards, the inferior horn points downwards
2. The superior horn of thyroid cartilage is connected to which bone?
a) Vertebra
b) Ribs
c) Hyoid
d) Epiglottis
Explanation: Hyoid bone is horse shoe shaped bone situated in anterior midline of the neck. It lies at base of the mandible
3. Larynx is found at what vertebral level?
a) CV3-CV6
b) CV6-CV3
c) CV2-CV5
d) CV5-CV2
Explanation: Larynx is a tube shaped organ in the neck. It contains vocal cords. It is about 5cm long. It is located between pharynx and trachea
4. Where does the arterial blood come from those supplies to visceral pleura?
a) Bronchial veins
b) Intercostal nerves
c) Bronchial arteries
d) The costodiaphragmatic recesses
Explanation: Bronchial arteries supply lungs with nutrition and oxygenated blood. There are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung and one to right lung
5. What is the dry form of inflammation without a significant collection of fluid in the pleural cavity called?
a) Intercostal nerves
b) Pleura
c) Pleurisy
d) Pneumothorax
Explanation: Pleurisy is also called as pleuritis. It is the inflammation of membranes that surround lungs and lines the chest cavity.
6. What are the innervations to the costal and peripheral parts of the diaphragmatic pleura?
a) Hydropneumothorax
b) Intercostal nerves
c) Bronchial arteries
d) Empyema thoracis
Explanation: Intercostal nerves arise from somatic nervous system. This enables them to control the contraction of muscles as well as provide specific sensory information regarding the skin and parietal pleura.
7. What does the pulmonary ligament contain?
a) The inner surface of the thoracic wall
b) Interpleural space/ Pleural cavity
c) A thin layer of areolar tissue with a few lymphatics
d) The pulmonary veins to expand during the increased venous return, such as during exercise
Explanation: Pulmonary ligament serves to hold the lower part of lungs in position. It contains a thin layer of areolar tissue with a few lymphatics
8. What part of the parietal pleura covers the superior surface of the diaphragm?
a) Mediastinal pleura
b) Diaphragmatic pleura
c) Intercostal nerves
d) Pneumothorax
Explanation: Diaphragmatic pleura is a layer of parietal peritoneum overlaying the thoracic surface of the diaphragm and the lung.
9. The respiratory system is made up of trachea, the lungs and the _________
a) Diaphragm
b) Pancreas
c) Esophagus
d) Liver
Explanation: Diaphragm is a dome shaped sheet of muscles and tendon that serves as the main muscles of respiration and plays vital role in breathing process. It separates the thorax, or chest from the abdomen
10. Two lungs are of the same size.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: The two are not of the same size. The left lung is approximately 10%smaller than right one. This is due to the position of the heart.