Human Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers - Structure & Development of the Nervous System

1. What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
a) Neuron
b) Dendron
c) Axon
d) Brain

Answer: a
Explanation: Neuron is the nerve cell with all its branches. It is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system and is the longest sized (100cm) body cell of human.

2. Nerve cell does not divide because they do not have ___________
a) Nucleus
b) Centrosome
c) Golgi body
d) Mitochondria

Answer: b
Explanation: Centrosome is responsible for cell division. Since it is absent in nerve cell they lack the ability to divide.

3. Node of Ranvier is found in __________
a) Muscle bundles
b) Dendrites
c) Right auricles
d) Axon

Answer: d
Explanation: Node of Ranvier is found in axons. Node of Ranvier is the microscopic gap between the glial cells if myelin sheath

4. How many types of neurons are present?
a) 2
b) 1
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c
Explanation: There are three types of neurons are present. They are sensory neurons, association neurons and motor neurons.

5. Neurotransmission through a synapse is always from _________ to _________
a) Axon, Dendron
b) Dendron, Axon
c) Brain, spinal cord
d) Spinal cord, brain

Answer: a
Explanation: Neurotransmission is the process by which signaling molecules are released by axon terminal. It is also called synaptic transmission.

6. Reflex action is controlled by ____________
a) Spinal cord
b) ANS
c) PNS
d) Sympathetic nervous system

Answer: a
Explanation: Reflex action is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to the stimulus. A reflex is made possible by a neural pathway called reflex arc.

7. Connection between axon and dendrite is called _________
a) Synapsis
b) Synapse
c) Desmosome
d) Tight junction

Answer: b
Explanation: Synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. Synapse is essential for neuronal function

8. From where does the formation of a neural tube take place?
a) Ectoderm
b) Endoderm
c) Mesoderm
d) Spinal cord

Answer: a
Explanation: Neuralation is a formation of neural tube from ectoderm of embryo. It follows gastrulation in all vertebrates.

9. The anterior end of neural tube becomes ____________
a) Spinal cord
b) Brain
c) Axon
d) Backbone

Answer: b
Explanation: The anterior end of the neural tube becomes brain. The posterior end of the neural tube becomes spinal cord

10. Neuronal migration is the method by which neurons travel from their origin to their final position.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Explanation: Neuronal migration is the method by which neurons travel from their origin or birth place to their final position in the brain. There are several ways like radial migration, axophilic migration, tangential migration etc.