PrepBharat

1. \[CO_{2}\] dissociates from Carbaminohaemoglobin when
a) Low \[PO_{2}\] , low \[PCO_{2}\]
b) High \[PO_{2}\] , high \[PCO_{2}\]
c) Low \[PO_{2}\] , high \[PCO_{2}\]
d) High \[PO_{2}\] , low \[PCO_{2}\]

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2. Dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin can be promoted by
a) Low \[pCO_{2}\]
b) High \[pCO_{2}\]
c) Low body temperature
d) High blood pH

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3. The enzyme essential for transport of \[CO_{2}\] as bicarbonate in blood is
a) Carboxypeptidase
b) Succinic dehydrogenase
c) Carbonic anhydrase
d) Thrombokinase

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4. What is correct about human respiration?
a) About 90 per cent of \[CO_{2}\] is carried by haemoglobin as carbaminohaemoglobin.
b) Neural signals from pneumotaxic centre of pons can increase the duration of inspiration.
c) Workers in grinding and stone breaking industries may suffer from lung fibrosis.
d) Cigarette smoking leads to inflammation of bronchi.

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5. Choose the right sequential phenomena during the passage of \[CO_{2}\] from blood to tissues:
(P) Absorption of \[CO_{2}\] by blood.
(Q) Reaction of \[CO_{2}\] with water forming \[H_{2}CO_{3}\]   inside RBCs and then \[HCO_3^-\]  and \[H^{+}\] ions.
(R) Reaction of \[CO_{2}\] with water forming \[H_{2}CO_{3}\]   inside plasma followed by conversion into H⁺ and \[HCO_3^-\]  ions.
(S) Combination of H⁺ with haeme part of \[HbO_{2}\]  to release \[O_{2}\].
(T) Combination of \[HCO_{3}\]  with haeme part of \[HbO_{2}\]  to form reduced haemoglobin and release of \[O_{2}\] .
a) P, R, S
b) P, Q, T
c) P, Q, S
d) P, R, T

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6. The transport of \[CO_{2}\] by the blood is primarily dependent on the
a) Solubility of \[CO_{2}\] in blood.
b) Presence of carbonic anhydrase in RBCs.
c) Ability of haemoglobin to bind and transport \[CO_{2}\]
d) Ability of other blood proteins.

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7. Pick the correct statement:
a) Contraction of internal intercostals muscles lifts up the ribs and sternum.
b) RBCs transport oxygen only.
c) Thoracic cavity is anatomically an air tight chamber.
d) Healthy man can inspire approximately 500 mL of air per minute.

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8.Respiratory rhythm centre is present in which part of brain?
a) Pons
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Cerebrum
d) Cerebellum

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9. Pneumotaxic centre is present in
a) Pons
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Cerebrum
d) Cerebellum

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10. Human beings have a significant ability to maintain and moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues. This is done by
a) Endocrine system
b) Neural system
c) Excretory system
d) All of these

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11. (1) _________ sensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to _________ (2) _and _ (3) _________ ions.
a) (1)–thermo, (2)–\[CO_{2}\] , (3)–hydroxide
b) (1)–chemo, (2)–\[O_{2}\] , (3)–hydroxide
c) (1)–thigmo, (2)–\[O_{2}\] , (3)–hydrogen
d) (1)–chemo, (2)–\[CO_{2}\] , (3)–hydrogen

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12. All of the following factors play an important role in the regulation of respiratory rhythm except
a) \[CO_{2}\]
b) \[H^{+}\] conc
c) \[O_{2}\]
d) none of these

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13. Select the incorrect statement from the following:
a) Neural signal from pneumotaxic centre can reduce the duration of inspiration.
b) The role of oxygen in the regulation of respiratory rhythm is quite significant
c) RBCs contain a very high concentration of the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and minute quantities of the same is present in the plasma too.
d) \[CO_{2}\] is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino-haemoglobin (about 20–25 per cent).

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14. Receptors associated with aortic and carotid artery can recognize changes in ______ and _____ concentration and send necessary signal to _____ for remedial action.
a) \[O_{2}\] , \[CO_{2}\] , pneumotaxic
b) \[CO_{2}\] , H⁺, rhythm centre
c) \[CO_{2}\] , H⁺, apneustic centre
d) \[O_{2}\] , H⁺, pneumotaxic

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15. Carbonic anhydrase is found in high concentration in
a) Leucocytes
b) Blood plasma
c) Erythrocytes
d) Lymphocytes

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16. The controlling centre of normal breathing in mammals lies in
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Midbrain
d) Medulla oblongata

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17. Number of RBCs per unit volume of blood is likely to be higher in a person living at high altitudes, because
a) Air is clean and unpolluted
b) More sunshine is available
c) Air is less dense
d) Vegetation gives out more \[O_{2}\]

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18. Wheezing sound is produced in
a) Asthma
b) Emphysema
c) Silicosis
d) Pneumonia

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19.Major cause of emphysema is
a) Cigarette smoking
b) Allergy
c) Wine consumption
d) Viral infection

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20. Match the column:



a) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C
b) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C
c) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B
d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A

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21. Emphysema is a
a) Cardiovascular disease
b) Pulmonary disease
c) Renal disease
d) Pain in lungs

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22. Which of the following is incorrect about occupational respiratory disorder?
a) It occur in some industries, especially those involving grinding or stone-breaking.
b) Long exposure in such industries leading to fibrosis (proliferation of fibrous tissues).
c) Workers in such industries can be protected from these disorders by wearing protective masks.
d) It is an allergic disease always.

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23. Respiratory control centre lies in
a) Pons
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Cerebellum

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24. Two friends are eating together in a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing while swallowing some food. This coughing would have been due to the improper movement of
a) Tongue
b) Epiglottis
c) Diaphragm
d) Neck

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25.Which one of the following is a possibility for most of us in regard to breathing, by making a conscious effort?
a) One can breathe out air totally without oxygen.
b) One can breathe out air through Eustachian tubes by closing both the nose and the mouth.
c) One can consciously breathe out by moving the diaphragm alone without moving the ribs at all.
d) The lungs can be made fully empty by forcefully breathing out all air from them.

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26.Cartilaginous rings in respiratory passage are present in
a) Trachea only
b) Trachea and initial bronchioles only
c) Trachea, bronchi and initial bronchioles
d) None of these

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27. Which of the following represents a larger volume of air than that is normally found in the resting tidal volume or a human lung?
a) Residual volume
b) Inspiratory reserve volume
c) Expiratory reserve volume
d) All the above

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28. Mark the correct statement from the following:
a) Tracheal rings are of hyaline cartilage.
b) Dorsal side of thoracic chamber is formed by sternum.
c) Expiration occurs when there is negative pressure in lungs.
d) All the above

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29. 6000-8000 ml of air is the
a) Vital capacity of lungs
b) Volume of normal expiration per minute
c) Sum of IRV + ERV
d) Inspiratory capacity of lungs

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30. The volume of air that remains in the lungs after normal expiration is
a) Residual volume
b) Vital capacity
c) Expiratory capacity
d) Functional residual capacity

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