1. Traction force term represented as ___
a) ∫uT Tl
b) ∫uTT
c) ∫uT
d) uTTl
Explanation: Traction force or tractive force are used to generate a motion between a body and a tangential surface, through the use of dry friction, through the use of shear force of the surface is also commonly used.
2. In the equation KQ=F, K is called as ____
a) Stiffness matrix
b) Modified stiffness matrix
c) Singular stiffness matrix
d) Uniform stiffness matrix
Explanation: The stiffness matrix represents system of linear equations that must be solved in order to ascertain an approximate solution to differential equation. The stiffness and force modifications are made to account for the boundary conditions.
3. Principal stresses and their directions are calculated by using ____
a) Galerkin approach
b) Rayleigh method
c) Potential energy method
d) Mohr’s circle method
Explanation: Mohr’s circle is two dimensional graphical representation of the transformation law. While considering longitudinal stresses and vertical stresses in a horizontal beam during bending.
4. I the distribution of the change in temperature ΔT, the strain due to this change is ____
a) Constant strain
b) Stress
c) Initial strain
d) Uniform strain
Explanation: The amount of heat transferred is directly proportional to the temperature change. The distribution of change in temperature, the strain due to this change is initial strain.
5. Give an example of orthotropic material?
a) Topaz
b) Aluminum
c) Barium
d) Sodium
Explanation: Orthotropic materials have material properties that differ along three mutually orthogonal two fold axis of rotational symmetry. They are a subset of anisotropic materials, because their properties change when measured from different directions.
6. Unidirectional fiber- reinforced composites also exhibit _______ behavior.
a) Isotropic
b) Orthotropic
c) Material
d) Unidirection composite
Explanation: Orthotropic materials have material properties that differ along three mutually orthogonal two fold axis of rotational symmetry. They are a subset of anisotropic materials, because their properties change when measured from different directions.
7. Orthotropic planes have ____ mutually perpendicular planes of elastic symmetry.
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Explanation: Orthotropic materials have material properties that differ along three mutually orthogonal two fold axis of rotational symmetry. Wood may also consider to be orthotropic. These materials have three mutually perpendicular planes.
8. The principal material axes that are normal to the _______
a) Co-ordinates
b) Number of nodes
c) Principal axes
d) Plane of symmetry
Explanation: Orthotropic materials are a subset of anisotropic; their properties depend upon the direction in which they are measured. Orthotropic materials have three planes of symmetry. That is normal to principal material axes.
9. v12 indicates that the poisson’s ratio that characterizes the decrease in ______ during tension applied in ______
a) 2- direction and 1- direction
b) 2- direction and 3- direction
c) 1- direction and 2- direction
d) 2- direction and 4- direction
Explanation: Poisson’s ratio is the ratio of transverse contraction strain to longitudinal extension strain in the direction of stretching force. Tensile deformation is considered positive and compressive deformation is considered negative.
10. Unidirectional composites are stacked at different fiber orientations to form a ______
a) Laminate
b) Orthotropic material
c) Isotropic material
d) Anisotropic material
Explanation: A unidirectional (UD) fabric is one in which the majority of fibers run in one direction only. A laminate is a tough material that is made by sticking together two or more layers of a particular substance.