a) η = 1- QC/QH
b) η = QC/QH
c) η = QC/QH -1
d) η = QH/QC
Answer: a
Explanation: Since energy is conserved according to the first law of thermodynamics and energy cannot be converted to work completely, the heat input, QH, must be equal to the work done, W, plus the heat that must be dissipated as waste heat QC, into the environment.
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