1. In effect of shape method, the columns loads and bearing pressure distribution are divided in to ___________ system of forces.
a) Two
b) Four
c) Three
d) Five
Explanation: The columns loads and bearing pressure distribution are divided in three system of forces such that each system balance within itself so that the sum of forces is zero and the sum of moments of these forces about any point is zero.
2. The first system of forces consist of _____________
a) Difference between actual column loads
b) Varying distributed load acting downwards
c) Column support reaction acting downwards
d) All of the mentioned
Explanation: The first system of forces consists of i) uniformly distributed bearing pressure w acting upwards along the entire area of the raft ii) the column support reaction acting vertically downwards obtained by treating the raft as an inverted floor carrying the uniformly distributed load w with the reaction at the point of loading.
3. The resultant earth pressure at any point of a raft is considered to be ___________
a) w + mw
b) (1-m)w
c) w-mw
d) (1-w)m
Explanation: The earth pressure varies from point to point of a raft, and hence the resultant pressure at any point is considered to be w + mw, where w is constant and m varies throughout the raft.
4. The third system of forces is composed of ___________
a) Varying upward pressure and Varying downward pressure
b) Distributed load
c) None of the mentioned
d) All of the mentioned
Explanation: The varying distributed load pressure in raft, acting both upward and downward forms the third system of forces
5.The art of driving piles into the ground was first established by __________
a) Greeks
b) Romans
c) Philippians
d) None of the mentioned
Explanation: The art of driving was first well-established in Roman times and the details of such foundation were recorded by Vitruvius in 59 A.D.
6. Based on the function, piles can be classified into ___________ types.
a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 3
Explanation: Based on the function or the use, piles may be classified as 1) end bearing piles 2) friction piles 3) compaction piles 4) tension pile 5) anchor pile 6) fender pile 7) batter pile 8) sheet pile.
7. Which of the following piles is used to compact loose granular soil?
a) Friction piles
b) End bearing piles
c) Compaction piles
d) Tension piles
Explanation: Compaction piles are used to compact loose granular soil, thus increasing their bearing capacity.
8. Sheet piles are commonly used as __________ in hydraulic structure.
a) Bulk heads
b) Bearing stratum
c) Boulders
d) Composite piles
Explanation: Sheet piles are commonly used as bulkheads, or as an impervious cutoff to reduce seepage and uplift under the hydraulic structure
9. The piles that are used for protecting structures from ships and floating object is ____________
a) Anchor piles
b) Fender piles
c) Compaction piles
d) Batter piles
Explanation: Fender piles and dolphins are used to protect waterfront structures against the impact of ships or other floating objects.
10. Modern pile driving method was first invented by ___________
a) Romans
b) Nasmyth
c) Terzaghi
d) Vitruvious
Explanation: Modern pile driving started with the first steam pile drivers, invented by Nasmyth in 1845