1.What is the overall efficiency of nuclear power plant?
a) 20 to 25%
b) 25 to 30%
c) 30 to 40 %
d) 50 to 70 %
Explanation: The overall efficiency of a nuclear power plant is around 30 to 40%. Efficiency is higher at high road factors. Therefore, a nuclear power plant is always operated as a base load plant.
2. The land area required for installation of nuclear power plant is ________
a) more than thermal power plant
b) less than thermal power plant
c) equel to thermal power plant
d) depends on type of construction
Explanation: Nuclear power plants need less area as compared to any other plant of same generation capacity. A 2000MW nuclear power plant needs about 80 acres whereas the coal fired steam power plant of same generation capacity needs 250 acres of land.
3. All of the nuclear fuel reserve will be ended in about 400 years.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: There are larger deposits of nuclear fuel available all over the world. Therefore, such plants can ensure continued supply of electrical energy for thousands of years.
4. With respect to the load centre which location is suitable for stablishment of nuclear power plant?
a) Load centre
b) Near load centre but at reasonable distance
c) Far away from load centre
d) Near chemical industries
Explanation: These plants can be located near the load centre because of the negligible cost of transportation of fuel. But there should be a reasonable distance between the nuclear power plant and the nearest populated areas from point of view of safety against danger of radioactivity. It is highly undesirable to choose a site adjacent to chemical industries oil refineries PWD works hospitals and schools.
5. Operating cost of nuclear power plant is less than thermal power plant.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: Cost of fuel in nuclear power plant is taken as the capital cost. The the total operating cost involves wages and the salaries of operating and maintenance staff only, cost of disposal of waste etc.. The cost of transport and handling of coal for conventional thermal power plant is much higher than the cost of nuclear fuel
6. In nuclear power stations which nuclear reaction is performed?
a) Nuclear fission
b) Nuclear fusion
c) 90% fission and 10% fusion
d) 90% fusion and 10% fission
Explanation: Nuclear fission is the process in which heavy nucleus is split when it is bombarded by certain partials. Huge amount of energy is released during nuclfclear fission in form of heat and radiation.
7.Which particle is bombarded on heavy nucleus of nuclear fuel?
a) Electron
b) Proton
c) Neutron
d) Photon
Explanation: Nuclear fission involvs bombardment of certain particles on heavy nucleus causing it to split. All modern fission reactors uses neutron particles for this purpose because they are neutral in charge and so, they can make their way through the shells of electrons and then through the nucleus at low energy.
8. The critical mass for U235 fission reaction is about _____________
a) 100Kg
b) 200 Kg
C) 50 kg
d) 10 kg
Explanation: For a chain reaction to occur the sample of the fissionable material should be large enough to capture the neutron internally. The minimum mass of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction is called the Critical Mass”. The critical mass varies for each reaction, for U235 fission reaction it is about 10 Kg.
9. The fuel mainly used in nuclear fission reactors are:
a) U235
b) U239
c) U233
d) U238
Explanation: The materials U235,U233 and Pu239 are called fissionable materials. From all the above mentioned fuels only U235 will fission in chain reaction.
10. Which fissionable nuclear fuel occur in nature?
a) Plutonium
b) Thorium
c) Uranium
d) 94239 Pu
Explanation: The only natural fissionable fuel occurring in our nature is Uranium, of which 99.3% is U238 and 0.7% is U235 and U234 is only a trace. Out of these isotopes only U235 will fission in chain reaction.