1. Laminar bucket is region where ____
a) flow remains laminar
b) turbulent is produced
c) drag increases drastically
d) lift is reduced drastically
Explanation: Laminar bucket is phenomena of laminar airfoils. It is the region where flow remains laminar. This laminar flow is very important as it decreases drag and thus improves overall performance. However, for such airfoils Reynolds number is very important consideration. Following diagram shows laminar bucket for a typical laminar airfoil.
2. A cambered airfoil is operating with 200N of lift. The velocity of the flow is 500m/s. Determine lift-induced drag by this camber airfoil.?
a) 0N
b) 0
c) 0.5
d) 0.5
Explanation: Given, Lift=200N, velocity = 500m/s.
For cambered airfoil the downwash angle = 0°. Hence, there will be no downwash acting on the flow.
Hence, there will be no induced drag. Hence, for any airfoil induced drag = 0N.
3. An airfoil is such that the drag produced by airfoil is 25N. Airfoil has chord of 2m and is experiencing dynamic pressure of 10Pa. Find the value of drag co-efficient for airfoil.
a) 1.25
b) 1.6
c) 2.5
d) 2.51
Explanation: Given, Drag = 25N, dynamic pressure q = 10Pa, chord c = 2m.
Now, drag co-efficient Cd = Drag / (q*c) = 25 / (10*2) = 1.25.
4. Let’s consider we need to design supersonic aircraft then, which type of airfoil should be adopted?
a) Supersonic airfoil
b) Symmetric airfoil
c) Bluff shape
d) Thicker airfoil
Explanation: Supersonic aircraft needs to fly at much higher speed. Hence, supersonic airfoils are used to provide required velocity. Thicker airfoils cannot generate required amount of flow characteristics such as critical mach number.
5. What will be the location of maximum camber for NACA 13250 with chord length of 2m?
a) 0.32m from leading edge
b) 0.32 from trailing edge
c) 0.32m from trailing edge
d) 0.32 from leading edge
Explanation: Given, NACA 13250 airfoil
Based on NACA -5 digit series, location of maximum camber = (second and third digit)/2 in hundredth of chord from leading edge
= (32/2) * 0.01 * chord = (32/2)*0.01*2 = 0.32m from leading edge.
6. The maximum lift co-efficient for NACA 19584 (chord=2.5m) airfoil is____
a) 0.15
b) 0.315
c) 0.15N
d) 0.3N
Explanation: Given, NACA 13250 airfoil
Based on NACA -5 digit series, designed lift co-efficient = first digit*0.15 = 1*0.15 = 0.15.
7. An airfoil is operated with flow velocity such that the pressure on upper and lower surface are 30 Pa and 15 Pa respectively. If chord is 1m then, what will be the lift produced by this airfoil?
a) 15N
b) 15KN
c) 25N
d) 30 Pa
Explanation: Given, Pressure on upper surface P1 = 30Pa,
Pressure on lower surface P2 = 15Pa, chord = 1m.
Now lift = (P1- P2)*Chord = (30-15)*1 = 15N.
8. A NACA 22104 airfoil is operating at AOA = 3°. The lift-coefficient at this AOA is 0.15. Determine the value of angle of attack at designed lift co-efficient.
a) 4.36°
b) 4.36rad
c) 0.05 rad
d) 0.05°
Explanation: Given NACA 22104 airfoil.
AOA = 3°, Cl = 0.15 at 3°
Based on NACA -5 digit series design Cl = first digit*0.15 = 2*0.15 = 0.3
Now, for thin airfoil lift curve slope = 0.11 per degree
0.11 = (design Cl – Cl at 3°) / (AOA –3°)
0.11 = (0.3-0.15) / (AOA -3°)
0.11*(AOA -3°) = 0.15
Hence, at designed Cl, AOA = (0.15/0.11) + 3° = 4.36°.
9. Wing and airfoil both are 3D phenomena.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: An airfoil is a 2D concept. Airfoil is cross sectional shape of the wing. When airfoil has finite span it is called a wing.
10. Location of aerodynamic centre for low speed airfoil is ____
a) at quarter chord point
b) at quarter chord from leading edge
c) there is no such place
d) at half of chord
Explanation: Aerodynamic center is that point at which pitching moment curve slope becomes zero. Hence, it is the point at where pitching moment is almost independent of AOA. For, low speed airfoils it is located at 25% of chord from leading edge.