1. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : America's defence secretary reiterated that they would continue to supply arms to Pakistan.
Conclusions :
I. Pakistan is incapable of manufacturing arms.
II. It would ensure peace in the region.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: Pakistan's ability to manufacture arms is not being talked about in the statement. So, I does not follow. The fact in II cannot be deduced from the given statement. So, II also does not follow.
2. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : Fortune favours the brave.
Conclusions :
I. Risks are necessary for success.
II. Cowards die many times before their death
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: According to the statement, only those who tackle situations bravely achieve success. So, I follows. However, II is vague with regard to the given statement and so does not follow.
3. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : Irregularity is a cause for failure in exams. Some regular students fail in the examinations.
Conclusions :
I. All failed students are regular.
II. All successful students are not regular.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: The given statement clearly implies that all irregular and some regular students fail in the examinations. This, in turn, means that all successful students are regular but not all regular students are successful. So, neither I nor II follows.
4. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : In case of outstanding candidates, the condition of previous experience of social work may be waived by the admission committee for M.A. (Social work).
Conclusions :
I. Some of the students for M.A. (Social work) will have previous experience of social work.
II. Some of the students for M.A. (Social work) will not have previous experience of social work.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Both I and II follow
Explanation: According to the statement, previous experience is an essential condition for candidates but in case of outstanding candidates, this condition shall be waived. This means that some candidates will have previous experience while some will not. So, both I and II follow.
5. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : Today out of the world population of several thousand million, the majority of men have to live under governments which refuse them personal liberty and the right to dissent.
Conclusions :
I. People are indifferent to personal liberty and the right to dissent.
II. People desire personal liberty and the right to dissent.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: It is mentioned in the statement that most people are forced to live under Governments which refuse them personal liberty and the right to dissent. This means that they are not indifferent to these rights but have a desire for them. So, only II follows.
6. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : About 50 per cent of the animal by-products - hair, skin, horns etc. is edible protein. American chemists have developed a method of isolating 45 per cent of this protein. They used an enzyme developed in Japan to break down soya protein.
Conclusions :
I. Americans have not been able to develop enzymes.
II. Animal by-products protein has the same composition as soya protein.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: That the American chemists used an enzyme developed in Japan, does not mean that Americans have not been able to develop enzymes. So, I does not follow. Also, nothing about the compositions of animal by products protein and soya protein is mentioned in the statement. So, II also does not follow.
7. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : The commissioner of police has appealed people not to put up banners which obstruct pedestrian or motor traffic.
Conclusions :
I. Some of the people may respond and will not put up such banners.
II. Policemen will have to keep a watchful eye on the new banners which are being put up on the roads.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: Clearly, the appeal has been made keeping in mind the fact that it would create awareness and have some effect. So, - I follows. However, the statement talks of a general appeal and not stringent directions. So, II does not follow.
8. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : The Minister questioned the utility of the space research programme and suggested its replacement by other areas of felt national needs.
Conclusions :
I. Exploring the space does not contribute to critical national needs.
II. Research should be oriented to national needs.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Both I and II follow
Explanation: Clearly, the statement stresses on the fact that heeding to national needs is much more important than space research programmes, which stray the concerned authorities from the former. So, both I and II follow.
9. Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : The secret of success is constancy of purpose.
Conclusions :
I. Constant dropping wears the stone.
II. Single-minded devotion is necessary for achieving success.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Both I and II follow
Explanation: Both I and II directly follow from the given statement.
10.Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :
Statements : Leaders, who raise much hue and cry about the use of Hindi, generally send their children to English medium schools.
Conclusions :
I. India lacks good Hindi medium schools.
II. There is a world of difference between preaching and practising.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
Explanation: Clearly, either I or II could be the reason for the situation expressed in the statement.