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One bacterium splits into eight bacteria of the next generation. But due to environment, only 50% of one generation can produced the next generation. If the seventh generation number is 4096 million, what is the number in first generation?

a) 1 million
b) 2 million
c) 4 million
d) 8 million

Answer: a
Explanation: Let the number of bacteria in the 1st generation be x, then number of bacteria in 2nd, 3rd, 4th . . . . . Generation would be
$$8\left( {\frac{{\text{x}}}{2}} \right),\,8\left( {\frac{{4{\text{x}}}}{2}} \right),\,8\left( {\frac{{16{\text{x}}}}{2}} \right)$$     . . . . And so on.
As x, 4x, 16x, 64x . . . . . it is in GP with common ratio 4
Hence, 7th term of GP,
x(4)6 = 4096
x = 1 or 1 million.

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