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SPPF in thermoforming stands for ____________

a) Soluble peer pressure forming
b) Soluble phase pressure forming
c) Solid peer pressure forming
d) Solid phase pressure forming

Answer: d
Explanation: SPPF in thermoforming stands for solid phase pressure forming. The SPPF process is primarily used to thermoform PP, a crystalline polymer that is difficult to thermoform uniformly in melt phase machines due to the sharp decrease in melt strength (viscosity) at its melting point.

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